K\u0101ds ir Jums tuv\u0101kais interjera dizaina stils?<\/p>\n
M\u0101jok\u013ca interjers ir lo\u0123isks m\u0101jas \u012bpa\u0161nieka iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s pasaules uztveres att\u0113lojums, sav\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 pat dv\u0113seles spogulis. Tie\u0161i t\u0101d\u0113\u013c J\u016bsu m\u0101jas interjera dizainam\u00a0\u00a0ir \u013coti liela noz\u012bme. Pirms m\u0101jokl\u012b \u0137erties pie interjera dizaina izveides, priek\u0161\u0101 st\u0101v gr\u016bts uzdevums \u2014 izv\u0113l\u0113ties optim\u0101lu stilu un tam atbilsto\u0161i nokomplekt\u0113t dizaina priek\u0161metus un m\u0113beles. Gadsimtu gait\u0101 m\u0101jok\u013cu iek\u0101rto\u0161ana att\u012bst\u012bjusies da\u017e\u0101dos virzienos, un tagad ir paz\u012bstami pat p\u0101ris desmit da\u017e\u0101di interjera stili. Tiesa, ikdien\u0101 tos stingri iev\u0113ro tikai retais. Vairum\u0101 gad\u012bjumu cilv\u0113ki priek\u0161metu tom\u0113r izv\u0113las, vadoties p\u0113c t\u0101 pielietojuma. Zem\u0101k var iepaz\u012bties ar \u0161obr\u012bd aktu\u0101l\u0101kajiem interjera dizaina veidiem:<\/p>\n
Minim\u0101lisms<\/p>\n
\u0160is\u00a0interjera dizains\u00a0run\u0101 pats par sevi – \u0161aj\u0101 no Austrumiem atn\u0101ku\u0161aj\u0101 stil\u0101 j\u016btama filozofu gudr\u012bba un m\u016bku ask\u0113tisms. Neliels kr\u0101su daudzums, mier\u012bgi to\u0146i, vienk\u0101r\u0161as \u0123eometriskas formas un elementu ritmisks atk\u0101rtojums, nek\u0101du lieku m\u0113be\u013cu \u2013 tas ir m\u016bsdienu minim\u0101lisms interjera dizain\u0101. Minim\u0101lisms\u00a0ir stils, kam rakstur\u012bgas lakoniskas formas \u2014 bez dekoriem un ornamentiem. Kompoz\u012bcijas ir skaidras un \u013cauj uztvert materi\u0101lu dabisko fakt\u016bru. Minim\u0101lisma stil\u0101 iek\u0101rtot\u0101 m\u0101jokl\u012b nav nek\u0101 lieka \u2014 taj\u0101 ir maz m\u0113be\u013cu un daudz telpas. M\u0113beles darin\u0101tas no m\u016bsdien\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem \u2014 t\u0113rauda, alum\u012bnija profiliem, mat\u0113ta stikla un koka.<\/p>\n
Haiteks (Hi-Tech) jeb struktur\u0101lais ekspresionisms<\/p>\n
\u0160is stils daudz\u0113j\u0101d\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 uzskat\u0101ms par minim\u0101lisma p\u0113cteci. Tas uzs\u0101cis savu uzvaras g\u0101jienu arhitekt\u016br\u0101 un interjera dizain\u0101 XX gadsimta beig\u0101s. Hi-Tech interjera dizaina\u00a0rakstur\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s iez\u012bmes – augst\u0101s tehnolo\u0123ijas, liels stikla daudzums un hrom\u0113tas met\u0101lisk\u0101s deta\u013cas – rada interjeru, kur\u0161 atg\u0101dina kosmosa ku\u0123i.<\/p>\n
Ki\u010ds<\/p>\n
Tie, kuri pl\u0101no veikt remontu sav\u0101 m\u0101jokl\u012b un iek\u0101rtot to atbilsto\u0161i \u0161im stilam, ieg\u016bst pla\u0161as iesp\u0113jas pat visdrosm\u012bg\u0101ko risin\u0101jumu ievie\u0161anai dz\u012bv\u0113. Ki\u010ds met izaicin\u0101jumu visiem noteikumiem, kuri veidoju\u0161ies gadsimtiem ilgi. Visneveikl\u0101kie savienojumi, grezn\u012bba un kliedzo\u0161a bezgaum\u012bba \u2013 tam visam atrad\u012bsies sava vieta ki\u010da stila interjer\u0101. Ki\u010ds interjer\u0101 ir nevis reakcija uz re\u0101lo pasauli, bet fikcija, kas rad\u012bta, lai to aizst\u0101tu.<\/p>\n
Kantr\u012b<\/p>\n
\u0160is interjera stils sasild\u012bs ar laukiem rakstur\u012bgo lakonismu un vienk\u0101r\u0161\u012bbu. \u0160\u012b stila interjera dizains tiek veidots no dab\u012bgiem materi\u0101liem, kurus papildina vienk\u0101r\u0161i elementi, radot m\u0101j\u012bgu un mier\u012bgu atmosf\u0113ru. Interjera dizain\u0101 tiek iek\u013cautas veclaic\u012bgas lietas, kuras padara m\u0101jok\u013ca interjeru mazliet patriarh\u0101l\u0101ku un tradicion\u0101l\u0101ku, savuk\u0101rt vienk\u0101r\u0161i un pat\u012bkami dab\u012bgie audumi iedve\u0161 interjer\u0101 dz\u012bv\u012bgumu un m\u012b\u013cumu.<\/p>\n
Modernisms<\/p>\n
Modernisma interjera dizains \u2013 tas ir visa neparast\u0101 un netradicion\u0101l\u0101 apvienojums. Tie\u0161i tur sl\u0113pjas p\u0101rdro\u0161o risin\u0101jumu j\u0113ga un b\u016bt\u012bba, kas padara katru interjeru neatk\u0101rtojamu un unik\u0101lu. \u0160is stils, kur\u0161 rad\u0101s \u0425IX gadsimta r\u016bpniecisk\u0101s revol\u016bcijas rezult\u0101t\u0101, apvieno kliedzo\u0161u m\u0101ksl\u012bgumu un demonstrat\u012bvismu ikvien\u0101 element\u0101. Pateicoties met\u0101la un koka, da\u017e\u0101du izliektu l\u012bniju un abstraktu formu savienojumam, k\u0101 ar\u012b tradicion\u0101lo sh\u0113mu neiev\u0113ro\u0161anai noform\u0113juma zi\u0146\u0101, \u0161is interjera stils vienm\u0113r b\u016bs aktu\u0101ls un moderns.<\/p>\n
Art Deco<\/p>\n
Art Deco apz\u012bm\u0113 elegantu eklektisku\u00a0dizaina\u00a0stilu ar aizs\u0101kumiem ap 1920. gadu\u00a0Par\u012bz\u0113. Art Deco\u00a0kopum\u0101 p\u0101rst\u0101v\u0113ja\u00a0funkcion\u0101lisma\u00a0un\u00a0modernisma\u00a0eleganci un \u0161armu.\u00a0Art Deco\u00a0line\u0101r\u0101 simetrija, \u0123eometrija un le\u0146\u0137i skaidri norobe\u017eoj\u0101s no pl\u016bsto\u0161\u0101s asimetrisk\u0101s “organiskas formas” kas domin\u0113ja iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101\u00a0j\u016bgendstil\u0101.\u00a0Art Deco\u00a0ietekm\u0113j\u0101s no daudziem agr\u0101 20. gadsimta stiliem, ieskaitot neoklasisko arhitekt\u016bru, konstruk\u012bvismu,\u00a0kubismu, un\u00a0fut\u016brismu. M\u0101kslas virziens reiz\u0113m iedvesmoj\u0101s no\u00a0sen\u0101s \u0112\u0123iptes\u00a0un\u00a0Acteku\u00a0kr\u0101s\u0101m un form\u0101m. Lietprat\u0113ji apgalvo, ka vair\u0101k\u0101m dizainu kust\u012bb\u0101m bija politiski vai filozofiski zemteksti, bet\u00a0Art Deco\u00a0bija tikai dekorat\u012bvs. Arhitekt\u016bras piem\u0113ri joproj\u0101m apskat\u0101mi da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s pasaules viet\u0101s, to skait\u0101\u00a0\u0136\u012bn\u0101,\u00a0Indij\u0101,\u00a0Latvij\u0101,\u00a0Kolumbij\u0101\u00a0un\u00a0ASV. Liel\u0101kie un vispaz\u012bstam\u0101kie\u00a0Art Deco\u00a0arhitekt\u016bras pieminek\u013ci ir \u0145ujorkas\u00a0debesskr\u0101pji:\u00a0Empire State Building,\u00a0Chrysler Building\u00a0un Rokfellera centrs. \u0160is stils rad\u0101s pag\u0101ju\u0161\u0101 gadsimta modernisma un funkcion\u0101lisma \u0161\u0137el\u0161an\u0101s br\u012bdi un k\u013cuva par domin\u0113jo\u0161o stilu t\u0101 laika m\u0101jok\u013cu interjeros. Savuk\u0101rt m\u016bsdien\u0101s, piedz\u012bvojot savu k\u0101rt\u0113jo atdzim\u0161anu, \u0161is stils k\u013cuvis par grezn\u012bbas un est\u0113tisma simbolu. Interjera dizain\u0101 Art Deco stilam rakstur\u012bgas grafiskas formas, pla\u0161a zelta kr\u0101sas izmanto\u0161ana kombin\u0101cij\u0101 ar br\u016bno un zilo\u0146kaula to\u0146a kr\u0101s\u0101m. \u0160\u012b stila m\u016bsdien\u012bgaj\u0101 risin\u0101jum\u0101 l\u012bdz\u0101s tradicion\u0101l\u0101m form\u0101m, par\u0101d\u0101s jauni risin\u0101jumi, piem\u0113ram, met\u0101ls tiek apvienots ar palm\u0101m, t\u0101p\u0113c bie\u017ei vien Art Deco elementi interjera dizain\u0101 k\u013c\u016bst par \u012bstiem m\u0101kslas \u0161edevriem.<\/p>\n
Jap\u0101\u0146u stils<\/p>\n
Jap\u0101\u0146u interjera dizains\u00a0\u2013 tas ir atsevi\u0161\u0137s virziens interjeru jom\u0101, kur\u0161, apvienojot Austrumu valstu trad\u012bcijas, ir sam\u0113r\u0101 \u0113rts un ierasts da\u017e\u0101du kult\u016bru p\u0101rst\u0101vjiem. \u0160aj\u0101 stil\u0101 l\u012bdz\u0101s izteiktam minim\u0101lismam itin labi ieder\u0113sies gan b\u012bd\u0101m\u0101 siena-durvis, gan ar\u012b m\u016bsdien\u012bga stereo sist\u0113ma; stiliz\u0113ta gulta aizvietos tradicion\u0101lo tatami<\/em>, bet bonsai<\/em> stila augi, t\u0113jas serv\u012bze un hieroglifi lieliski papildin\u0101s savdab\u012bgo austrumniecisk\u0101s harmonijas kopainu. Jap\u0101\u0146u stilu interjera dizain\u0101 var\u0113tu d\u0113v\u0113t par dekorat\u012bvo minim\u0101lismu, jo apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101 vide nav p\u0101rbl\u012bv\u0113ta, nekas p\u0101rlieku nesaista un nenov\u0113r\u0161 uzman\u012bbu, apk\u0101rt ir miers un harmonija. T\u0101 k\u0101 Jap\u0101na ir bl\u012bvi apdz\u012bvota zeme, t\u0101s cilv\u0113ki m\u0101jok\u013cos v\u0113las pla\u0161umu. Istabas nav p\u0101rbl\u012bv\u0113tas ar m\u0113bel\u0113m. Turkl\u0101t jap\u0101\u0146i m\u012bl dabu, t\u0101p\u0113c m\u0101jok\u013cos ir daudz ziedu. Jap\u0101\u0146u stilam rakstur\u012bgas gai\u0161as, nelielas bambusa m\u0113beles. Ar\u012b m\u0113be\u013cu audumi ir gai\u0161os to\u0146os. Uzleco\u0161\u0101s saules zem\u0113 atp\u016btas vieta tiek iek\u0101rtota istabas centr\u0101. M\u0101jok\u013ca neat\u0146emamas sast\u0101vda\u013cas ir p\u0101rb\u012bd\u0101mas sieni\u0146as.<\/p>\n Afrik\u0101\u0146u stils<\/p>\n \u0160\u0101ds interjera dizains\u00a0ir tikpat karsts un me\u017eon\u012bgs k\u0101 pati \u0100frika. Visas okera nokr\u0101sas caurvijas ar spilgtiem un negaid\u012btiem ornamentiem, leoparda raksti itin mier\u012bgi sadz\u012bvo ar tot\u0113ma z\u012bm\u0113m, \u0161ama\u0146u atrib\u016btiem, dekorat\u012bviem iero\u010diem un zilo\u0146kaula rot\u0101jumiem.<\/p>\n M\u0113be\u013cu izgatavo\u0161anai tiek izmantoti dab\u012bgi materi\u0101li vai to imit\u0101cija; daudz tiek izmantoti m\u0101ksl\u012bgie materi\u0101li, kas atg\u0101dina t\u012b\u0123eru, zebru un citu eksotisku dz\u012bvnieku \u0101das. Bambuss un melnkoks, rotangpalmas, kor\u0137a koks un \u0101da interjer\u0101 ienes\u012bs kaisli un pirmatn\u012bgumu.<\/p>\n Rokoko<\/p>\n Rokoko\u00a0ir\u00a018. gadsimta\u00a0dekor\u0101ciju stils, kas bija popul\u0101rs\u00a0Eirop\u0101, it sevi\u0161\u0137i\u00a0Francij\u0101. Tas izpau\u017eas gan interjera dekor\u0101cij\u0101s, gan\u00a0ornamentos, ta\u010du tas var tikt nov\u0113rots ar\u012b\u00a0skulpt\u016br\u0101s,\u00a0glezn\u0101s\u00a0un\u00a0arhitekt\u016bras\u00a0deta\u013c\u0101s. Rokoko j\u0113dziens ir c\u0113lies no fran\u010du v\u0101rda\u00a0rocaille<\/em>, kas s\u0101kotn\u0113ji apz\u012bm\u0113ja modern\u0101s dekor\u0101cijas, kas var tikt atrastas\u00a017. gs.\u00a0arhitekt\u016bras\u00a0projektos. M\u016bsdienu noz\u012bmi v\u0101rds ieguva ap\u00a01800. gadu, aptuveni taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 kad\u00a0baroks, un t\u0101pat k\u0101\u00a0baroks, rokoko s\u0101kotn\u0113ji lik\u0101s neperspekt\u012bvs. Atdzim\u0161anu rokoko piedz\u012bvoja\u00a019. gs., kas s\u0101k\u0101s k\u0101 mode kolekcion\u0113t\u00a018. gs. fran\u010du\u00a0gleznas\u00a0un\u00a0m\u0113beles\u00a0un k\u0101 rokoko interjera imit\u0101cijas m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jumi. Rokoko interjera dizains\u00a0b\u016bt\u012bba ir divk\u0101r\u0161a: pirmk\u0101rt, formas ir gandr\u012bz plakanas at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bb\u0101 no augst\u0101 reljefa barok\u0101; otrk\u0101rt,\u00a0arhitekt\u016bras\u00a0un\u00a0skulpt\u016bru\u00a0izc\u0113lumi tiek likvid\u0113ti, lai projekt\u0113t\u0101js saskartos ar l\u012bdzenu virsmu, kas tiek izjaukta vien\u012bgi ar logu ni\u0161\u0101m un\u00a0kam\u012bna\u00a0plauktu. Tipisk\u0101 rokoko dekor\u0113juma pl\u0101n\u0101 visapk\u0101rt istabai (ar\u012b durv\u012bs) tiek izveidoti koka pane\u013ci, kas tiek dekor\u0113ti ar lieliski izgrieztiem, apzelt\u012btiem mot\u012bviem zem\u0101 reljef\u0101. P\u0113c\u00a01720. gada\u00a0pane\u013ci tika kr\u0101soti\u00a0zilo\u0146kaula\u00a0balti un mot\u012bvi koncentr\u0113jas to aug\u0161pus\u0113, apak\u0161pus\u0113 un centr\u0101 ar taisn\u0101m apmal\u0113m s\u0101nos. Citi mot\u012bvi par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s uz sien\u0101m un uz velves, kura aizvietoja dzegu un sienu aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101s da\u013cas. Formas bija smalkas un s\u0101kotn\u0113ji veidotas k\u0101 lentes; v\u0113l\u0101k t\u0101s sast\u0101v\u0113ja vairum\u0101 no pagarin\u0101t\u0101m C- un S-kont\u016br\u0101m; augu st\u012bgas, lapas, ziedi un da\u017ereiz ar\u012b glieme\u017ev\u0101ki un mazi putni\u0146i tika iek\u013cauti kompoz\u012bcij\u0101.\u00a0V\u0113l\u0101kajos pl\u0101nos formas bie\u017ei bija viegli nesimetriski sak\u0101rtotas, bet asimetrija ir dr\u012bz\u0101k tr\u012bsdimension\u0101lo objektu (piem\u0113ram, sienu pamati, sve\u010dturi, galda ornamenti) sf\u0113ra. \u013boti svar\u012bga rokoko interjera da\u013ca bija\u00a0spogu\u013ci\u00a0un\u00a0gleznas, kas da\u017ek\u0101rt tika iek\u013cautas panel\u012b virs durv\u012bm. Kop\u0113jais efekts ir mirdzo\u0161s un dz\u012bv\u012bgs,\u00a0 ar akcentu uz nosl\u0113gt\u012bbu.\u00a0\u0160im interjera stilam rakstur\u012bgs bag\u0101t\u012bgs dekors, paste\u013ckr\u0101sas, izliektas l\u012bnijas un zelts -Rokoko reiz\u0113m d\u0113v\u0113 ar\u012b par\u00a0Francijas kara\u013ca Ludvi\u0137a 15 stilu.\u00a0Rokoko interjers ir \u013coti grezns – izsmalcin\u0101tas un dekoriem kl\u0101tas m\u0113beles, nelielas skulpt\u016bri\u0146as, ornamentiem rot\u0101ti spogu\u013ci, dekoriem kl\u0101tas sienas, dekorat\u012bvi sienu gleznojumi, z\u012bda tapetes; ornamenti\u00a0atg\u0101dina stiliz\u0113tas liesmas, lapas, ziedu v\u012btnes, glieme\u017ev\u0101kus.\u00a0Kolonnas\u00a0reiz\u0113m tiek izgatavotas spir\u0101lveid\u0101, to aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101 da\u013ca –\u00a0kapitelis\u00a0– tiek bag\u0101t\u012bgi dekor\u0113ta. Grezn\u012bbas iespaidu paspilgtin\u0101ja\u00a0spogu\u013ci, kuru r\u0101mis tika bag\u0101t\u012bgi dekor\u0113ts un p\u0101rkl\u0101ts ar zeltu. Grezn\u012bbas efektu rad\u012bja ar\u012b\u00a0krist\u0101la lustras, kuras, atstarojot gaismu, piepild\u012bja telpu ar mirdzumu.\u00a0Rokoko m\u0113beles tika darin\u0101tas vieglas, izsmalcin\u0101tas. T\u0101m rakstur\u012bgas izliektas l\u012bnijas. M\u0113be\u013cu k\u0101jas tiek veidotas izliekt\u0101 form\u0101. Liela noz\u012bme tiek pie\u0161\u0137irta dekorativit\u0101tei. Ar\u012b m\u0113beles rot\u0101 rokoko rakstur\u012bgie dekorat\u012bvie elementi.\u00a0Kr\u0113slu\u00a0atzvelt\u0146u izgatavo\u0161an\u0101 tie ieviests jaunin\u0101jums – t\u0101s\u00a0siluets atg\u0101dina vijoli. M\u0113beles bie\u017ei vien tiek rot\u0101tas ar bronzas dekoriem, dekorat\u012bvie elementi no koka tiek apzelt\u012bti. Kr\u0113slu un d\u012bv\u0101nu s\u0113dek\u013ci un atzveltnes tiek polster\u0113tas un p\u0101rvilktas ar z\u012bda audumu.\u00a0Jaun\u0101s rokoko stila m\u0113beles\u00a0– rakst\u0101mgalds, neliels d\u012bv\u0101ni\u0146\u0161, kumode, gr\u0101matu skapis, kosm\u0113tikas galdi\u0146\u0161, po\u013cu stila gulta.\u00a0Rokoko pan\u012bka 1760. gados, kad tika apvainots k\u0101 bezgaum\u012bgs, vieglpr\u0101t\u012bgs, simbolisks korump\u0113tas sabiedr\u012bbas stils. Divdesmit gadu laik\u0101 rokoko tika izspiests kop\u0101 ar\u00a0baroku, ien\u0101kot\u00a0neoklasicismam.<\/p>\n Klasicisms<\/p>\n Klasicisms\u00a0ir\u00a0m\u0101kslas\u00a0stils un\u00a0est\u0113tikas\u00a0virziens, kas vald\u012bja\u00a0Eirop\u0101\u00a0no\u00a017.\u00a0–\u00a019. gadsimtam\u00a0gan\u00a0literat\u016br\u0101, gan\u00a0te\u0101tra m\u0101ksl\u0101, gan\u00a0t\u0113lot\u0101jm\u0101ksl\u0101, gan\u00a0arhitekt\u016br\u0101\u00a0un\u00a0m\u016bzik\u0101, atdarinot\u00a0Sen\u0101s Grie\u0137ijas\u00a0un\u00a0Sen\u0101s Romas\u00a0m\u0101kslu un est\u0113tiku. Klasicismu var iedal\u012bt \u010detros periodos;\u00a0liriskais klasicisms, kas 17. gadsimt\u0101 izveidojas\u00a0It\u0101lij\u0101, bet uzplaukst un att\u012bst\u0101s Francij\u0101, balstoties uz Sen\u0101s Grie\u0137ijas v\u0113l\u012bno klasiku;\u00a0revolucion\u0101rais klasicisms\u00a0jeb\u00a0neoklasicisms, kas rodas\u00a0Francij\u0101\u00a018. gadsimta\u00a0beig\u0101s\u00a0fran\u010du\u00a0revol\u016bcijas\u00a0ietekm\u0113, \u0161aj\u0101 laik\u0101 galvenais uzsvars ir uz sabiedr\u012bbas lomu un noz\u012bm\u012bbu, par izejas punktu \u0161im periodam kalpo\u00a0Romas republikas\u00a0m\u0101ksla;\u00a0amp\u012brs\u00a0rodas 19. gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101\u00a0Napoleona\u00a0vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101, un par m\u0101kslas iedvesmas avotu k\u013c\u016bst\u00a0Romas imp\u0113rijas\u00a0m\u0101ksla; p\u0113d\u0113jais ceturtais periods – 19. gadsimta vidus\u00a0akad\u0113miskais klasicisms, ko var uzskat\u012bt par klasicisma pagrimuma periodu. Lai ar\u012b klasicisms ir balst\u012bts ant\u012bk\u0101s kult\u016bras atdarin\u0101\u0161an\u0101, da\u017ei no \u0161iem periodiem ir form\u0101l\u0101ki un \u0101ri\u0161\u0137\u012bg\u0101ki, bet da\u017ei patiesi atspogu\u013co klasiskos ide\u0101lus k\u0101 racion\u0101lisms\u00a017. gadsimt\u0101 un\u00a0apgaism\u012bbas laikmets\u00a018. gadsimta beig\u0101s.\u00a0Klasicisms izpau\u017eas formas vienk\u0101r\u0161\u012bb\u0101, skaidr\u012bb\u0101, lo\u0123ik\u0101 un augstos est\u0113tiskos krit\u0113rijos. Klasicisms atz\u012bst skaistuma pozit\u012bvo ietekmi. Var teikt, ka klasicisms ir cilv\u0113ka mekl\u0113jumi main\u012bgaj\u0101 pasaul\u0113 atrast stingru pamatu.\u00a0\u0160\u0101ds interjera dizains\u00a0iemieso ant\u012bkus elementus kas\u00a0savijas kop\u0101 ar \u0113\u0123iptie\u0161u mot\u012bviem. Balta kr\u0101sa, sarkankoks, m\u0113be\u013cu taps\u0113jums ar ziedu ornamentiem, k\u0101 ar\u012b oblig\u0101t\u0101 elementu simetrija k\u013cuva par klasicismu raksturojo\u0161\u0101m paz\u012bm\u0113m un pats klasicisms k\u013cuva par interjeru risin\u0101juma paraugu n\u0101kamaj\u0101m dizaineru paaudz\u0113m.\u00a0Latvij\u0101\u00a0klasicisms s\u0101k att\u012bst\u012bties 18. gadsimta otraj\u0101 pus\u0113, kad no skatuves pamaz\u0101m aiziet\u00a0baroks\u00a0un\u00a0rokoko. Galvenie m\u0101kslas centri ir\u00a0R\u012bga\u00a0un\u00a0Jelgava. R\u012bgas celtniec\u012bb\u0101 par\u0101d\u0101s ar\u012b v\u0113l\u0101 klasicisma izpausme \u2014\u00a0amp\u012brs.<\/p>\n Amp\u012brs<\/p>\n Amp\u012brs\u00a0(fran\u010du\u00a0empire\u00a0– imp\u0113rija) ir\u00a0klasicisma\u00a0stila paveids\u00a0Eiropas\u00a0arhitekt\u016br\u0101\u00a0un lieti\u0161\u0137aj\u0101 m\u0101ksl\u0101\u00a019. gadsimta\u00a01. ceturksn\u012b. Radies\u00a0Francij\u0101\u00a0Napoleona\u00a0imp\u0113rijas\u00a0laik\u0101. Amp\u012bra pamat\u0101 ir\u00a0Romas imp\u0113rijas\u00a0laikmeta vienk\u0101r\u0161otas arhitektoniskas formas, ko papildina\u00a0sen\u0101s \u0112\u0123iptes\u00a0m\u0101kslas mot\u012bvi. Amp\u012bram rakstur\u012bga stingra, svin\u012bga monumentalit\u0101te, rot\u0101jumos tiek izmantotas\u00a0milit\u0101r\u0101s embl\u0113mas,\u00a0stiliz\u0113tas lauru lapu v\u012btnes un vainagi,\u00a0sp\u0101rnotas lauvas,\u00a0sfinksas\u00a0(sp\u0101rnotas lauvas ar\u00a0cilv\u0113ka galvu), Romas imp\u0113rijas simboli –\u00a0\u0113rglis,\u00a0bru\u0146ucepures.Interjers ir attur\u012bgi svin\u012bgs.\u00a0Tam rakstur\u012bgi sienu gleznojumi, dekorat\u012bvais reljefs, kas atg\u0101dina \u0113\u0123iptie\u0161u sfinksas. Dekoriem rakstur\u012bgs\u00a0ritmisks ornaments. K\u0101 apdares materi\u0101lu izmanto tum\u0161u koku, piem\u0113ram, sarkankoku, un bronzu.\u00a0Logu rot\u0101\u0161anai izmantoja\u00a0aizkarus\u00a0no viegla, gais\u012bga auduma un s\u0101nu aizkarus no biez\u0101ka auduma. Aizkari tika gl\u012bti sak\u0101rtoti krok\u0101s, nostiprin\u0101ti logam ab\u0101s pus\u0113s ar lent\u0101m. Aizkariem izv\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s\u00a0zilu, za\u013cu, violetu, dzeltenu\u00a0vai\u00a0roz\u0101 kr\u0101sas audumu. \u0160\u0101das pat kr\u0101sas audumi tika izmantoti gu\u013camistab\u0101s baldah\u012bnu izgatavo\u0161an\u0101. Virs gult\u0101m tika novietots baldah\u012bns, aizkari gl\u012bti sak\u0101rtoti ab\u0101s pus\u0113s gultai. Gultas ab\u0101s pus\u0113s tiek novietoti gareni spilveni.\u00a0Kr\u0113sliem un d\u012bv\u0101niem rakstur\u012bga l\u012bdzena s\u0113dek\u013ca virsma, bez izteikta polster\u0113juma. M\u0113beles tika dekor\u0113tas ar amp\u012bram rakstur\u012bgiem dekorat\u012bvajiem elementiem. Viens no amp\u012bra laika jaunievedumiem – taburete.<\/p>\n J\u016bgendstils<\/p>\n J\u016bgendstils\u00a0ir m\u0101kslas, it \u012bpa\u0161i\u00a0arhitekt\u016bras\u00a0un\u00a0dizaina stils, kas rad\u0101s XIX gs. 90.gadu otraj\u0101 pus\u0113\u00a0Eirop\u0101, bet par visaptvero\u0161u par\u0101d\u012bbu kult\u016br\u0101 k\u013cuva laik\u0101 no XX gs. s\u0101kuma l\u012bdz\u00a01. Pasaules karam. Nosaukumu “j\u016bgendstils” jaunais str\u0101vojums guva V\u0101cij\u0101 un ar\u012b Latvij\u0101. M\u0101kslas v\u0113stur\u0113 to da\u017ek\u0101rt m\u0113dz apz\u012bm\u0113t par\u00a0neoromantismu. Par j\u016bgendstila vadmot\u012bvu k\u013cuva m\u0101kslas sint\u0113zes ideja, un t\u0101 s\u0101ka izpausties visos m\u0101kslas veidos, s\u0101kot ar lieti\u0161\u0137o m\u0101kslu, un beidzot ar t\u0113lot\u0101ju m\u0101kslu un arhitekt\u016bru. J\u016bgendstils att\u012bst\u012bj\u0101s da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s Eiropas valst\u012bs, taj\u0101s ieg\u016bstot at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgus nosaukumus:\u00a0Jugendstil\u00a0V\u0101cij\u0101,\u00a0Art noveau\u00a0Francij\u0101,\u00a0modernismo\u00a0Sp\u0101nij\u0101,\u00a0Sezessionsstil\u00a0Austrij\u0101,\u00a0Stile Liberty\u00a0vai\u00a0Stile Floreale\u00a0It\u0101lij\u0101,\u00a0M\u0142oda Polska\u00a0Polij\u0101.\u00a0Katalonij\u0101\u00a0par j\u016bgendstila centru k\u013cuva\u00a0Barselona, kur darboj\u0101s iev\u0113rojamais arhitekts\u00a0Antonio Gaudi. Liela noz\u012bme j\u016bgendstilam bija ar\u012b Austrumeirop\u0101; \u012bpa\u0161i j\u0101min \u010dehu m\u0101kslinieks\u00a0Alfonss Muha.\u00a0Rakstur\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s iez\u012bmes:\u00a0J\u016bgendstils bija diezgan tuvs simbolismam. J\u016bgendstils ir ornament\u0101ls stils, kam pamat\u0101 liektas l\u012bnijas, asimetriska kompoz\u012bcija, neregul\u0101ri l\u012bniju ritmi. T\u0113lot\u0101j\u0101 m\u0101ksl\u0101 j\u016bgendstils pamat\u0101 izpaud\u0101s\u00a0grafik\u0101\u00a0(ilustr\u0101cij\u0101s,\u00a0plak\u0101tos), kur \u012bpa\u0161i rakstur\u012bgi stiliz\u0113ti augu mot\u012bvi,\u00a0gaism\u0113nu\u00a0tr\u016bkums, dekorat\u012bvas, liektas l\u012bnijas.\u00a0J\u016bgendstila est\u0113tikas pamatidejas ir tuvas simbolisma filozofijai. Ikdieni\u0161\u0137aj\u0101 realit\u0101t\u0113 skaistums izs\u012bkst un aizvien vair\u0101k pie\u0146emas sp\u0113k\u0101 meh\u0101nistiskais princips; m\u0101kslinieks ir nevis reportieris vai fotogr\u0101fs, bet rad\u012bt\u0101js; m\u0101kslai ir j\u0101p\u0101rveido pasaule, j\u0101ienes skaistais un cilv\u0113c\u012bgais vid\u0113, kas ieskauj cilv\u0113ku, – vi\u0146a m\u0101jokl\u012b, sadz\u012bves interjer\u0101 un priek\u0161metos, ap\u0123\u0113rb\u0101 utt.\u00a0J\u016bgendstila glezniec\u012bba bie\u017ei v\u0113rs\u0101s pie izgl\u012btota un izsmalcin\u0101ta skat\u012bt\u0101ja, ta\u010du daudz\u0101s cit\u0101s izpausm\u0113s j\u016bgendstils bija demokr\u0101tisks.\u00a0Arhitekt\u016br\u0101 j\u016bgendstilam rakstur\u012bga celtnes funkcion\u0101l\u0101 uzb\u016bve, kas izvirz\u012bj\u0101s par priorit\u0101ti, fas\u0101de tika izcelta gan ar arhitektoniskiem l\u012bdzek\u013ciem (erkeriem, liz\u0113n\u0101m, durvju un logu ail\u0101m), gan ar b\u016bvplastikas elementiem (ci\u013c\u0146iem, skulpt\u016br\u0101m, ornamentu). \u0112kas kopt\u0113la izveid\u0113 svar\u012bgi visi elementi: monument\u0101l\u0101 glezniec\u012bba, vitr\u0101\u017ea, moza\u012bka un pat uzraksti. Nereti j\u016bgendstil\u0101 tika veidots viss nams, s\u0101kot ar pa\u0161u \u0113ku un t\u0101s interjeru un beidzot ar galda piederumiem.\u00a0Arhitekt\u016br\u0101 domin\u0113ja neoklasicisma un nacion\u0101l\u0101 romantisma elementi, st\u0101jt\u0113lniec\u012bb\u0101 sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101kas bija re\u0101lisma tendences, monumentos domin\u0113ja historisms. Glezniec\u012bb\u0101 un grafik\u0101 j\u016bgendstils sapl\u016bda ar re\u0101lismu un simbolismu, ir jau\u0161ama impresionisma un postimpresionisma ietekme.\u00a0J\u016bgendstila uzplaukums bija \u012bslaic\u012bgs. Ap 1910. gadu interese par to s\u0101ka noplakt.<\/p>\n J\u016bgendstils Latvij\u0101<\/p>\n J\u016bgendstils bija noz\u012bm\u012bgs m\u0101kslas virziens ar\u012b\u00a0Latvijas\u00a0teritorij\u0101. S\u0101kotn\u0113ji spilgt\u0101kie j\u016bgendstila p\u0101rst\u0101vji bija\u00a0v\u0101cbaltie\u0161u\u00a0m\u0101kslinieki, kuri domin\u0113ja re\u0123iona kult\u016bras dz\u012bv\u0113, ta\u010du tie\u0161i ar j\u016bgendstilu saist\u0101s pirmo latvie\u0161u nacion\u0101lo m\u0101kslinieku ien\u0101k\u0161ana kult\u016bras aprit\u0113 (Janis Rozent\u0101ls,\u00a0J\u0101nis Valters,\u00a0J\u016blijs Madernieks\u00a0u.c.). T\u0101pat k\u0101\u00a0Skandin\u0101vij\u0101\u00a0ar\u012b Latvij\u0101 j\u016bgendstils saist\u012bts ar nacion\u0101l\u0101s pa\u0161apzi\u0146as palielin\u0101\u0161anos.\u00a0R\u012bg\u0101\u00a0ir vair\u0101k nek\u0101 800 j\u016bgendstila \u0113ku, ko rad\u012bju\u0161i\u00a0Mihails Eizen\u0161teins,\u00a0Konstant\u012bns P\u0113k\u0161\u0113ns,\u00a0Ei\u017eens Laube\u00a0u. c. Tehno Skandin\u0101vu dabiskums Indie\u0161u stils Ar\u0101bu interjera dizaina stils<\/p>\n Ar\u0101bu interjera\u00a0dizains –\u00a0\u00a0rakstur\u012bgas lokveida durvju ailas, galerijas un sam\u0113r\u0101 mazi logi sal\u012bdzinot ar citiem interjera stiliem. Ar\u0101bu interjers ir \u013coti nosl\u0113gts. Taj\u0101 sasp\u0113l\u0113jas da\u017e\u0101di ornamenti, it sevi\u0161\u0137i izmantojot dabas mot\u012bvus. Ar\u0101bu tradicion\u0101lie materi\u0101li ir ornament\u0101las fl\u012bzes, akmens, m\u0101ls un kr\u0101sainas tekstilijas. \u0160aj\u0101 interjera stil\u0101 atp\u016btas zona l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 jap\u0101\u0146u interjeros ar\u012b ir novietota zemes l\u012bmen\u012b.<\/p>\n M\u0101j\u012bg\u0101 Anglija Vidusj\u016bras spilgtums Nosl\u0113pumainais \u201cfen \u0161ui\u201d Sen\u0101 \u0112\u0123ipte \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" K\u0101ds ir Jums tuv\u0101kais interjera dizaina stils? M\u0101jok\u013ca interjers ir lo\u0123isks m\u0101jas \u012bpa\u0161nieka iek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s pasaules uztveres att\u0113lojums, sav\u0101 zi\u0146\u0101 pat dv\u0113seles spogulis. Tie\u0161i t\u0101d\u0113\u013c J\u016bsu m\u0101jas interjera dizainam\u00a0\u00a0ir \u013coti liela noz\u012bme. Pirms m\u0101jokl\u012b \u0137erties pie interjera dizaina izveides, priek\u0161\u0101 st\u0101v gr\u016bts uzdevums \u2014 izv\u0113l\u0113ties optim\u0101lu stilu un tam atbilsto\u0161i nokomplekt\u0113t dizaina priek\u0161metus un m\u0113beles. Gadsimtu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1478","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1478","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1478"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2072,"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1478\/revisions\/2072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagraffitto.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nGotika
\nArhitekt\u016bras stils, kas radies Francij\u0101, izce\u013cas ar izsmalcin\u0101t\u012bbu. Taj\u0101 nav tik svar\u012bgi izmantotie materi\u0101li un kr\u0101sas, cik to sader\u012bba un harmonija ar m\u0101jokl\u012b eso\u0161iem priek\u0161metiem. Gl\u012bti ier\u0101m\u0113tas gleznas un spogu\u013ci, pakl\u0101ji un gobel\u0113ni, ar audumu apdarin\u0101tas sienas un drap\u0113ti aizkari \u2014 t\u0101s ir gotisk\u0101 interjera stila rakstur\u012bg\u0101k\u0101s iez\u012bmes.\u00a0Kaut ar\u012b gotika pamat\u0101 ir arhitekt\u016bras stils, t\u0101s interjera dizainam piem\u012bt \u013coti b\u016btiskas at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbas no citiem stiliem, savs \u0161arms: lieli logi, daudzkr\u0101sainas vitr\u0101\u017eas, gaismas efekti. Gigantiski a\u017e\u016bri tor\u0146i, pasv\u012btrota vertik\u0101le visiem konstrukt\u012bvajiem elementiem, dinamika un formu ekspresija rakstur\u012bgi v\u0113l\u012bnajai, \u201eliesmojo\u0161ajai\u201d gotikai.<\/p>\n
\nM\u016bsdien\u012bgs interjera dizains\u00a0ar \u0123eometriskiem elementiem, kvadr\u0101tveida vai apa\u013c\u0101m form\u0101m. Telpa nav piebl\u012bv\u0113ta un tiek izmantota \u013coti racion\u0101li.\u00a0Tehno stilam rakstur\u012bgas stingras \u0123eometriskas l\u012bnijas, akmens sienas, met\u0101liskas durvis. Svar\u012bga \u0161\u012b interjera dizaina sast\u0101vda\u013ca ir apgaismes elementi, kas l\u012bdzin\u0101s profesion\u0101lai aparat\u016brai.<\/p>\n
\nSkandin\u0101vu interjera dizains –\u00a0rakstur\u012bgs dabiskums un vienk\u0101r\u0161\u012bba bez \u012bpa\u0161iem dekorat\u012bviem elementiem. Gr\u012bdas m\u0101jok\u013cos darin\u0101tas no gai\u0161a koka, sienas ir maigos to\u0146os. Skandin\u0101vu interjera dizains – domin\u0113 koka m\u0113be\u013cu izv\u0113le, turkl\u0101t t\u0101s pieska\u0146otas sien\u0101m un gr\u012bdai. M\u0101jok\u013cos valda vieglums un harmonija br\u016bnganos, zilganos vai maigi za\u013cos to\u0146os.<\/p>\n
\nEksotikas cien\u012bt\u0101ji m\u0101jok\u013cos izv\u0113las indie\u0161u stilu, kur\u0101 domin\u0113 ave\u0146s\u0101rti, j\u016braszili un oran\u017ei to\u0146i. Interjera dizain\u0101 k\u0101 viens no b\u016btiskiem aksesu\u0101riem tiek izmantots z\u012bds. M\u0113beles ir zemas, bie\u017ei vien darin\u0101tas no t\u012bkkoka. Kr\u0113slus, galdus, aizsliet\u0146us un citus elementus \u0113rti var main\u012bt viet\u0101m, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di atrodot arvien jaunus un jaunus iek\u0101rtojuma veidus.\u00a0Indie\u0161u interjera dizaina stils ir kr\u0101sains ar p\u0101rliecino\u0161\u0101m kr\u0101s\u0101m, k\u0101 piem\u0113ram, oran\u017eu, sarkanu un tirk\u012bzzilu. Interjeru papildina da\u017e\u0101di ornamenti, da\u017e\u0101di nokar\u0101jo\u0161ies elementi, tum\u0161as tekst\u016bras koks, kokgrebumi, nelielu stikla vai spogu\u013ca gabali\u0146u moza\u012bkas un skaisti ornament\u0101li pakl\u0101ji. Indie\u0161u interjera stilam rakstur\u012bga daudz da\u017e\u0101du aksesu\u0101ru izmanto\u0161ana – kr\u0101saini spilveni, koka statujas, sve\u010dturi, utt.<\/p>\n
\n\u0160\u012b stila m\u0101jok\u013cos sienas tiek kr\u0101sotas ko\u0161i dzeltenas vai sarkanas. Veidojot interjeru, tiek izmantoti maigi kr\u0113mkr\u0101sas to\u0146i. Uz koka gr\u012bd\u0101m tiek novietoti biezi, m\u012bksti pakl\u0101ji. Ang\u013cu stil\u0101 iek\u0101rtotas viesistabas neat\u0146emama sast\u0101vda\u013ca ir r\u016btains m\u012bkstas vilnas pleds uz d\u012bv\u0101na un soli\u0146\u0161, uz kura atp\u016btin\u0101t k\u0101jas. M\u0101jokli izdai\u013co greznas, pul\u0113tas m\u0113beles. Turkl\u0101t bie\u017ei tiek izmantots m\u0113be\u013cu audums un aizkari ar ro\u017eu ziedu mot\u012bviem. Kaut ar\u012b s\u0101kotn\u0113ji \u0161\u0137iet, ka m\u0101joklis iek\u0101rtots \u201chaotiski\u201d, viss kop\u0101 rada interesantu efektu.<\/p>\n
\nVidusj\u016bras zemju stil\u0101 iek\u0101rtota m\u0101jvieta ir tikpat spilgta k\u0101 \u0161\u012b re\u0123iona daba \u2014 daudz saules, j\u016bras un augu. Tie\u0161i t\u0101 izv\u0113l\u0113ti interjera to\u0146i \u2014 zilganza\u013c\u0161, zeltaini oran\u017es un br\u016bns. T\u0113laini izsakoties \u2014 \u201ckr\u0101su trakums\u201d uz sien\u0101m un gr\u012bdas, kas izkl\u0101ta ar marmora vai keramikas fl\u012bz\u0113m. Vidusj\u016bras stilam rakstur\u012bgi lieli logi, caur kuriem iepl\u016bst daudz gaismas un saules. M\u0113beles tiek darin\u0101tas no koka un met\u0101la.\u00a0\u0160is interjera dizaina stils rada m\u0101jokl\u012b gai\u0161u un saulainu atmosf\u0113ru.<\/p>\n
\nDaudzi teic, ka \u0161is interjera dizaina stils ir m\u0101jok\u013ca ma\u0123ija. Seno \u0137\u012bnie\u0161u gudr\u012bba v\u0113sta: \u201cJa v\u0113lies main\u012bt dz\u012bvi, tad sav\u0101 m\u0101j\u0101 p\u0101rvieto 27 priek\u0161metus.\u201d Ja j\u016bsu m\u0101joklim ir taisnst\u016bra forma, tad varat uzskat\u012bt, ka ir paveicies \u2014 t\u0101 tiek uzskat\u012bta par labu. V\u0113l jauk\u0101k, ja dz\u012bvojat asto\u0146st\u016brain\u0101 istab\u0101 (kas gan gad\u0101s visai reti). P\u0113c \u201cfen \u0161ui\u201d principiem iek\u0101rtot\u0101 m\u0101jokl\u012b katrai \u201cba-gua\u201d zonai ir atbilsto\u0161a kr\u0101sa. Pareizi izv\u0113l\u0113ts tonis vairo ener\u0123iju k\u0101d\u0101 konkr\u0113t\u0101 j\u016bsu dz\u012bves jom\u0101. Tiesa, maz ir t\u0101du cilv\u0113ku, kas vienu telpu p\u0113c \u0161iem principiem izkr\u0101so vair\u0101k\u0101s kr\u0101s\u0101s. Ja stingri vad\u012bsieties p\u0113c \u201cfen \u0161ui\u201d, tad lampai t\u0101 d\u0113v\u0113taj\u0101 bag\u0101t\u012bbas zon\u0101 j\u0101b\u016bt purpurs\u0101rtai, savstarp\u0113jo attiec\u012bbu zonai j\u0101b\u016bt roz\u0101 to\u0146os, bet karjeras zon\u0101 j\u0101novieto melna marmora skulpt\u016bra. T\u0101p\u0113c cilv\u0113ki, izv\u0113loties konkr\u0113tus priek\u0161metus, bie\u017ei pa\u013caujas uz intu\u012bciju.<\/p>\n
\n\u0160is stils interjera dizain\u0101 l\u012bdz m\u016bsdien\u0101m saglab\u0101jies, pateicoties gadsimtos izdz\u012bvoju\u0161ai interesei par sen\u0101s \u0112\u0123iptes kult\u016bru. Atsevi\u0161\u0137i cilv\u0113ki lepn\u0101s priv\u0101tm\u0101j\u0101s izv\u0113las \u0161\u012b stila elementus \u2014 kolonnas, pilonus, turkl\u0101t sienas rot\u0101 ar hieroglifiem un gleznojumiem, k\u0101 ar\u012b vestibil\u0101 m\u0113dz novietot da\u017e\u0101das skulpt\u016bras. \u0112\u0123iptie\u0161u interjera dizains\u00a0da\u017ek\u0101rt par\u0101d\u0101s ar\u012b vannas istabu un baseina telpu interjer\u0101.<\/p>\n